How do I cite email and other forms of personal communication in Chicago Style?
Answer
This question reflects guidance provided in both the 17th and 18th editions of Chicago Style as no changes were made in the new edition.
In Chicago style, personal communications, including emails and social media messages, are not included in the bibliography. They are only included as footnotes.
Chicago style recommends citing personal communications as a footnote as follows:
Sender first name Sender last name, format of communication, date of message.
Email:
1. Jimmy Fox, email message to author, August 26, 2024.
Shortened footnote: 2. Fox, email message.
Instagram DM:
3. Sabrina Shark, Instagram direct message to author, October 31, 2024.
Shortened footnote: 4. Shark, Instagram direct message.
If you need further help, contact a librarian.